Hamlet, The Queen Of Denmark And The Mother Of Hamlet

Jorge Escobedo English 102VY Dr. Fisher 06/28/14 In Hamlet there are 2 women in the intire play, one of them is Gertrude. Gertude is the queen of Denmark and the mother of Hamlet. The relationship between Hamlet and Gertrude(his mom) is rough because she marrys her husbands brother Claudius after killing King Hamlet and is now king of Denmark. She seemed not to have any guilt what so ever. The second girl in Hamlet is Ophelia, she is the girl who hamlet had a crush on, and went mad after her father died with a sword. Both women are very similar in the book, they are both victims in there love life by the opposite gender. Hamlet is always intruding Gertrudes relationship with Claudias and Ophilia has Laertes her brother and her father polonius who is interfering with her love life. Also not only are they being interrupted in there love life but at the same time they are being controlled by men. In the book of hamlet, Women are represented as weak,obediant and very agreeable. Hamlet â€Å"That it should come to this! But two months dead: nay, not so much, not two: So excellent a king; that was, to this, Hyperion to a satyr; so loving to my mother That he might not beteem the winds of heaven Visit her face too roughly. Heaven and earth! Must I remember? why, she would hang on him, As if increase of appetite had grown By what it fed on: and yet, within a month— Let me not think on t—Frailty, thy name is woman!† (1.2.6) These words show how women are the cause of theShow MoreRelatedClaudius, the Unorthodox Tragic Hero1348 Words   |  6 Pagesa defect - seemingly intertwined with attributes that make him/her prosperous - in his/her character. Usually the protagonist, a tragic hero is commended for his/her honorable traits and is depicted to be the victim in most works of literature. In Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the traditional portrayal of a tragic hero is defied: in lieu of being the victim, the tragic hero becomes the culprit of the play. 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Evaluation Of A Patient Post Medial Knee Ligament...

II. Description of Analysis A. Purpose The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate a program of therapy designed to return to ambulation a patient post-lateral ankle ligament reconstruction. The components of the anatomical analysis- joints and actions, muscles, types of contractions, biomechanics, neuromuscular considerations, and safety- will help to further understanding so that a program of therapy will be properly and correctly administered to an individual recovering from a lateral ankle ligament reconstruction surgery. B. Classification This therapy program is designed to increase the strength of the calf and foot muscles thereby allowing the patient to give impetus to his or her own body supported by a stationary surface such as the floor. C. Description After undergoing surgery to reconstruct the lateral collateral ankle ligaments, the patient’s lower leg, ankle, and foot will be immobilized in a cast for six weeks. The patient will be touchdown weight bearing around 2-5 days post-surgery (Sherry, 2014). Upon removal of the cast, he or she is ready to begin the therapy program. The program is centered on enhancing the mobility of the talocrural and subtalar joints by strengthening the flexor and extensor muscles of the lower leg and foot (Moore, 2016). Treatment will progress in difficulty through three therapeutic exercises. Each therapeutic exercise will consist of three phases: the preparatory phase, the force phase, and the recovery phase. This slow gradualShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Severity Of A Knee Ligament1088 Words   |  5 Pagesthat the symptoms and severity of a knee ligament sprain relies on upon the level of stretching or tearing of the ligament. In his study he has included 3 grades of knee li gament sprain. 1) In a mild grade 1: knee ligament sprain, the ligaments may extend but they don’t actually tear. The joint cannot swell or hurt very much. It can increase the risk of injury again. 2) With a moderate evaluation II sprain: Bruising and swelling are most common sign. Ligaments get partially torn and more painfulRead MoreEvaluation Of Rehabilitation For Patellar Dislocation2265 Words   |  10 Pages 2016; Tsai et.al., 2012; Duignan McGibney, 2016; Calapodopulos, 2016; Cheatham et.al., 2014; Enix et.al., 2015). In a statistical analysis of sports medicine clinics, 30% of the patients had patellofemoral issues per physician diagnosis (Lehman et.al., 1989). With or without surgery, only two-thirds of the patients returned to sports at the same level as prior to injury (Mà ©nà ©trey, 2014). After the initial injury, the recurrence rate of patellar dislocation has been high at about 40% (Mà ©nà ©trey

Saint Francis Of Assissi Essay Example For Students

Saint Francis Of Assissi Essay Saint Francis of AssissiSaint Francis of Assissi1.Birth Saint Francis was born Giovanni Bernadone in either 1181 or 1182 in theItalian hill town of Assisi. His parents, Pietro and Pica, were members of therather well-to-do merchant class of the town.Pioetro Bernadone was away inFrance when his son was born.On his return, he had the boys name changed fromGiovanni to Franceso (The Little Frenchman-perhaps a tribute to France, acountry he loved and from which his wifes family came). Saint Francis of Assisi,was born in 1182, more probably in the latter year.His mothers family, whichwas not without distinction, may originally have hailed from Provence.Hisfather, Pietro di Bernardone, was a prosperous cloth merchant and one of theinfluential business men of Assisi.A merchant in those days was a fardifferent individual from the modern shop keeper; forced by circumstances to beboth daring and prudent, he constantly embarked upon the most hazardousundertakings and his career was likely to be a succession of ups and downs. Moreover, business activities, which today tend more and more to assert theirindependence of any ethical code, were then strictly subordinated to acceptedmoral standards, as is clearly shown in the writings of Leo Battista Alberti, acentury and a halflater, or in the Summa Theologiae of Thomas Aquinas. Bernardone was not in Assisi when his son was born.At first the child wascalled John but upon his fathers return he was christened Francis, in memory ofFrance, whence Pietro di Bernardone had just returned.More than any othercharacter in history, St. Francis in after life retained the qualities mostcharacteristic of childhood, so that it is not difficult to imagine him as hemust have appeared during his early years, with his combination of vivacity,petulance and charm. Childhood At the proper time young Francesco Benardone was sent to clergy of SanGiorgio, his parish church, to learn his letters and the ciphering necessary fora merchant.He sat on a bench with the better-class boys, chorusing sacredLatin.He was nota brilliant student.The three extant scraps of his writingbetray a clumsy fist and abound in sad solecisms.In later years he avoidedholding a pen;hepreferred to dictate, and to sign his pronouncements with across or tau, a semisacred symbol.However, he learned enough Latin for hispurposes, for school routine and for the comprehension of the ritual.Francescoalso had the education of the home and shop.He could admire his father, honestand worthy, but an austere man, taking up where he laid not down, reaping wherehe had not shown.Drama also rendered his secret dream, the realization of thechivalrous life.The exploits of Charlemagnes paladins and the Knights of theRound Table were already familiar throughout Italy, and code of knightlybehavior was known and honored, if little practiced.Franciss imaginationdisported itself in the enchanted world of knighthood;and all his life he usedthe language of chivalry and appealed to its ideals. After Francis had attained manhood and developed his native discernment, hedevoted himself to the profession of his father, who was a merchant.Yet thishe did in his own way.Merry and generous by nature, ever ready for jest andsong, he roamed the town of Assisi day and night with his comrades and was mostprodigal in his spending-to such and extent that he used all the money allowedhim and all his earnings for banquets and festivities.For this reason hisparents frequently remonstrated with him, pointing out that he was living insuch style with his friends that he no longer seemed to be their son, but theson a great prince.Yet as his parents were wealthy and loved their sontenderly, they allowed him to have his own way rather that disturb him. Educational Backround The official Life of Saint Francis, written by Saint Bonaventure, theMinister General of the Franciscan Order, after the chapter of 1266 at which itwas decided that such a life was needed, because of the proliferation ofapochryphal and spurious lives, records that Francis was sent to school to thepriests of Saint Georges, also in Assisi.But he seems to have learned littlefrom them except enough Latin to read with difficulty and write great labour. In later life, the clerky Brother Leo usually acted as his secretary;althoughan example of his signature survives, he preferred to make his mark with a Greekcross, the letter tau, the cross used by the crusaders.However, somewhere probably in the first instance from his father and his fathers businessacquaintances he learned enough French to be able to converse in that language,and earn himself the nickname il Francesco, the Frenchman, although whether itwas given to him by his father, as pious legend has always maint ained, or by thewits of Assisi, is uncertain.Whoever gave it to him, it was the obvious namefor a boy wearing French cloth, talking with French visitors, andsingingFrench tunes, the songs of troubadours and jongleurs.John Bernardone became Francis early in life, and has remained Francis throughout the years since. Which dialect of French he spoke is unknown.Because he was called theFrenchman and called his language French, it is usually assumed that hisdialect was that of the north and the Ile de France, not the langue doc ofcounty of Toulouse, which further west towards Navarre shaded into early Spanish.But although he once himself proposed to go to Paris, most of thetraces of French influence in his life seem to relate to southern France, andthere are no proofs that Pietro Bernardones travels in search of business tookhim further north than the great fairs at Toulouse, Lyons, and Montpellier.TheQuestion remains open.Franciss everyday language must have been the currentUmbrain dialect:not yet Italian, but a mingling of late Latin and dialectwords from which Italian was rapidly emerging.He died just thirty-nine yearsbefore the birth of Dante, the first and greatest of the Italian vernacularpoets. Religious Affliation and Experiences In the chapel of Our Lady of the Angels, Francis was kneeling at the footof the crucifix, he was completely drawn out of himself and lost allconsciousness except of God.From the cross Christ spoke to him.Francis,the Voice came, do you not see that My house is being destroyed?Go thereforeand repair it.He took Christs words in the most literal sense.He could seethat the neglected chapel was badly in need of restoration, so he accepted thetask laid upon him as being simply that of bringing stones and mortar andsetting to work.Not for an instant did he imagine that the commision could bewider than that.Indeed, though the field of his labor was soon to widen toenclose the last limits of the earth, he never ceased to believe, as in the caseof the lepers, that the local obligation was also his.He never ceased to begreatly concerned about the rebuilding and care of dilapidated churches. Professional life There is no doubt that Francis and his brothers did preach peace in Assisiin autumn, but whether in fact he played the leading role ascribed to himreconciling the factions is undemonstrable.If the claim also sometimes made istrue, that it was from this time that he penitents of Assisi began to callthemselves the frates minores, it is unlikely that Francis arbitratedeffectually in the quarrel.At Assisi in 1202, frates minores would not havebeen taken to mean the lesser, that is, more humble, brothers, but brothersof the minores;it would have bben a political label, as suggestive ofcommitment as the Workers party of the workers brotherhood might be today. Mechanomyography EssayHow did he/she affect the world around them? All of the places that Francis visited, for example, Italy, according tothe historical records, were many;and as these appear in casual references,they can be only a part of the total.If we were to include the popular legends,the number would be infinite.Terni, Perugia, ubbio, Citta` di Castello,Cortona, Arezzo, Siena, Florence, Bologna, Ancona, Osimo, Ascoli:these are toosome of the places that Saint Francis visited.It is at once observable thatthey are all in a definite and rather circumscribed district.The Saintsappearances in the more remote and diverse parts of the country, such as Rome,Florence, Bologna, and Alexandria, were, in proportion, few and far between; and one gets the impression ( borne out by the definite or circumstantialevidence of the records )that these were but occasional visits.The otherplaces, on the contrary, appear to represent his usual andappointed circuit. If you take a map of Italy and draw a circle with Assisi as its center, with adiameter of a little less than two hundred kilometers, you will include them all,from Borgo San Sepolcro to Ascoli Piceno, Rieti, and Toscanella, the extremistpoints being roughly equidistant from Assisi. Find a quote made by the person that most identifies the individual and his/herwork.Why did you choose this quote? Saint Francis took a child that had just been born and said, There havebeen born today in this street two children, one of whom will be one of the bestmen in the world.The other will be the worst.That worst has been taken toapply to the man who succeeded Francis as the ruler of the Franciscan Order,Brother Elias.Yet, apart from the question as to whether Elias was as bad asall that, there is a reason to believe that he was not born in Assisi at all,but nearby;and nobody knows the exact date of his birth.I chose thisparticular quote because it talks about the everyday occurrence of childrenbeing born each and every day.Some of those children are among those best menor women in the world and some are unfortunate to have the opportunity to evenbe born.Those children who are born with a disorder, from their mothers wrongdoing while carrying her child. Your reflection should include:How did he/she express genuine love and concern for people in the climate oftheir world? Francis was one that should have been included among the Fathers, for heputs then into shame.He came at the end of the long process of discovery. With him, the wheel has turned full circle:we are back again in the gold-illuminated days of the apostles and of the early catacombs, the days when to bea Christian was to be carefree, before the heretics and arisen and thedisputatious theologians has assumed the role of lawgivers.Francis threwlearning away and the world sighed with relief, for learning was alreadyweighing heavily in the cloisters, and the librarians, as usual, were wonderingwhether they would be able to keep count of the books.What have I to do withbooks?Francis said.O my brethren, all we need to do is pray.As all ofthe people of the Church read of the Church Fathers, we are all made aware ofimmense strains, heroic efforts, terrible responsibilities.The F athers of thefourth and fifth centuries were shoring up the ruins of Rome with their nakedshoulders.They fought prodigiously, with superlative cunning, against thebarbarians and the Emperors and all the tribes of wanton and evil people in theworld. How did he/she bring to real life what is right, and what is good? Saint Francis, the true disciple of Christ, while he was living in thismiserable life, tried to follow in the path of Christ with all his strength, forChrist was the perfect master.So it often happened that as he healed a body,God also healed the soul, for the same thing often happened to Christ.SoFrancis did not only serve the lepers willingly, but also ordered his brethrenas they went about the world to serve the needs of lepers for the love of Christ,who reputed a poor leper himself.Saint Francis was staying in a place near towhere some of the brothers of the order were serving a leper hospital.One ofthe lepers was testy, unruly, and also so obstinate that everyone believed. This leper had abused and cursed whoever waited on him and, what was worse, hebitterly blasphemed and cursed Christ and his Holy Mother.No one wanted totake care, or even be near him.Although the brothers were willing to put upwith the lepers m any abuses in order to grow in the virtue of patience, buttheir consciences would not ever tolerate his blasphemies about Christ and hisMother.So the brothers were quite prepared to abandon him, but they thoughtthat before doing this they should consult Saint Francis, who at the time wasstaying nearby. When the brothers told Francis about this perverse leper, Francis went tosee him.Finding the leper, Francis greeted him warmly:God grant you peace,my dearest brother.The leper then replied with a grumble, What peace can Ifind from God, who has taken away my peace and every worldly good and left mecancerous and stinking?Saint Francis then answered him, My son, be patient! God often inflicts us with a weakness of the body for the good of our souls. There is a great merit in bearing illness with patience.The sick man retorted,How can I endure the continual pain both day and night with any sense of peace?Not only am I sick, but the brothers who were sent to help me will not do it, asthe ought.Saint Francis, divinely inspired to understand that this leper waspossessed by an evil spirit, prayed most devoutly for this man before God. After he had prayed, he returned again to speak to the leper:My son, I willtake care of you, since the others do not want to.Ill willingly have you. What can you do though that the others have not done?What do you want me todo?I want you to wash me, for I stink so bad that I cannot stand myself. Saint Francis immediately went and heated water, which he scented withherbs.Then he undressed the man and washed him with his own hands, whileanother brother poured the water.Through divine power, wherever Saint Francistouched him with his hands, the leprosy disappeared and the fleshgrewimmediately healthy.And as his body healed, his soul also healed along withhis body.When the leper saw his body heal, he began to weep bitterly becauseof his sorrow for his sins and great compunction that he felt.As his body wascleansed from the leprosy by the bathing, so his soul was cleansing power of histears and his sorrow.

Magna Deca free essay sample

Jim Sherwood, the marketing manager of a consumer goods company called Magna Deca had his attention caught by direct marketers that were working with the continuously growing home fitness equipment market. Jim’s company focused mainly on marketing through traditional channels. However he was eager to get into direct response marketing and felt they had found an appropriate product to do so. Magna Deca had acquired an at-home physical fitness gym that sold at less than $500. 00. If the market was there, Magna Deca was ready to test it out and see what direct response marketing would do. With that said, a direct response advertising firm was hired to come up with a test direct marketing plan. The plan that was suggested includes simultaneous testing of four positioning concepts and five magazines from five different media groupings at the same time. The names of 20,000 subscribers of five different magazines were to be rented and one quarter of each of these 20,000 subscribers sets were to be exposed to one of four positioning concepts. We will write a custom essay sample on Magna Deca or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A decision was made that a test program would be run under the name Personal Fitness System. In order to test both media and the message, 5,000 subscribers from each magazine would be mailed a lead generation piece that would be built around each of the four positioning themes. These themes are contained in the following headlines for four different self-mailers: 1. $500 won’t pay for much medical care, but it could buy a lifetime of better health. 2. You don’t have to spend hours jogging to get the exercise you really need. . Give your family the benefit of a complete $40,000 gym for less than $500 4. The Million Dollar Body for less than $500 Yes, I think that the Family gym is a viable direct response product because it is targeting entire families at once. By encouraging a healthy, fit family, this gives the buyer more reasoning to purchase the equipment in order to not only benefit themselves but their family as well. Motivations for buying a family gym would be: $There is no traveling time to the gym People feel more comfortable exercising in the privacy of their own home if they dislike the gym atmosphere $Family gym would be much less expensive than gym memberships for the entire family $A family gym is convenient in the fact that you can exercise whenever the time is right for you $Family gym could become an activity to spend quality time and stay active with family members This relates to positioning because it sets the family gym apart from main competition which would be an actual gym facility. The motivations and attributes of the family gym give meaningful and beneficial reasons to the consumer on why the family gym is more convenient choice than gym facilities to the consumer. The combination of attributes would also allow the company to position for competitive advantage. The media that the company is using is magazines. I think that all of the choices for magazines to position the concepts in are viable to targeting men and possibly their family members when looking at the family gym aspect. Business week using the health improvement, alternative to jogging and family gym positioning concepts. Playboy could be associated with any of the concepts Sports Illustrated using body building and health improvements Mechanics Illustrated could use all concepts Time using health improvements, alternative to jogging and family gym concepts 4. Amor effective way of approaching this situation would be if the company chose the most effective magazine that would fit best with one of the positioning concepts and place all

Hypothalamus and Glucose R. Hormone Essays

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Trinity Washington University Admissions Data

Trinity Washington University Admissions Data Trinity Washington University Description: Located on a wooded campus in northeastern Washington D.C., Trinity Washington University is a private university affiliated with the Catholic Church. Founded as a school for women in 1897, Trinity has gone through many changes in its long history. Today the undergraduate College of Arts and Sciences remains a womens college, but the university also has a coeducational School of Professional Studies for adults who wish to advance their careers, and a School of Education with several graduate programs for men and women. Trinity calls itself the most affordable private university in Washington, and the tuition is indeed much lower than many area schools including nearby Catholic University. In athletics, the Trinity Tigers compete in the NCAA Division III for seven womens sports. The schools enviable location is near many other colleges and universities. Admissions Data (2016): Trinity Washington University Acceptance Rate: 89%Trinity Washington University has test-optional admissionsTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: - / -SAT Math: - / -SAT Writing: - / -SAT score comparison for D.C. collegesACT Composite: - / -ACT English: - / -ACT Math: - / -ACT score comparison for D.C. colleges Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 2,068  (1,563  undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 3% Male / 97% Female69% Full-time Costs (2016  - 17): Tuition and Fees: $23,250Books: $1,040 (why so much?)Room and Board: $10,334Other Expenses: $2,140Total Cost: $36,764 Trinity Washington University Financial Aid (2015  - 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 99%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 99%Loans: 74%Average Amount of AidGrants: $15,016Loans: $5,800 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Business Administration, Communication, Criminal Justice, Human Relations, Psychology Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 66%Transfer Out Rate: 13%4-Year Graduation Rate: 12%6-Year Graduation Rate: 40% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Womens Sports:  Soccer, Softball, Tennis, Basketball, Volleyball Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Trinity Washington University, You May Also Like These Schools: George Washington University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphMarymount University: Profile  Howard University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDelaware State University: Profile  Virginia State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNew York University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNorfolk State University: Profile  Salisbury University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCoppin State University: Profile  American University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBowie State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Trinity Washington University Mission Statement: read the complete mission statement at  trinitydc.edu/mission/ Trinity is a comprehensive institution offering a broad range of educational programs that prepare students across the lifespan for the intellectual, ethical and spiritual dimensions of contemporary work, civic and family life.

Organizational Design, Culture, and Adaptation (CASE) Module 2 Essay

Organizational Design, Culture, and Adaptation (CASE) Module 2 - Essay Example The CARE program was created in 2005 by Martha Holden. The program was created at the Cornell University Family Life Development Center (CUFLDC). The program was tested and adapted by the Waterford Country School. The structure and model of the program can be compared to the Therapeutic Crisis Intervention model of 1994 also adapted from CUFLDC. The core focus of the program is to improve organizational support and leadership competencies. Additionally, the program aims at enhancing consistency within and across the care staff with relation to how they respond to, react to, and think about the needs of the children within their care setting. The program is created upon the theory of change which states that staff is viable in handling children issues if it’s able to improve its understanding about child development issues caused by trauma. The implementation of the CARE program will resolve the issues mentioned in question one through (1) creating room for children to relate and connect with their surrounding better – e.g. creating attachments with parents, (2) building skills and reliability in children both at home at within the care setting, (3) focusing on the issues that affect the development of children based on their trauma history, (4) creating teamwork between care providers and children’s families in care and treatment provision, and (5) creating more opportunities in the provision of child care within the environment. The resolution of these issues shows that the program aims at drawing all stakeholders of a child’s life close together for the benefit of the child. For instance, a child traumatic history can be a result of family issues that a care provider may not be able to understand fully from the child’s behavior or anti-social tendencies (Holden, 2009). If I were the program manager for the CARE program, one among the highly regarded competencies of

Issue in personal finance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Issue in personal finance - Research Paper Example Taxes are the compulsory charges against the income. Taxes are charged as per tax laws and these laws include provisions whose right understanding can lead to minimization of tax liability. This report will discuss the ways in which taxes on incomes can be minimized to leave individual with maximum possible take-home-pay to support his/her financial plans. This report will discuss tax management issues in the perspective of United States’ tax laws. Tax Administration, Nature of Taxes and Tax planning US citizens pay the largest amount of tax on incomes (Garman, 1999). In US the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is responsible to collect tax on personal income of US citizens. The tax is collected as per the rules of ‘Internal Revenue Code’. The nature of US income tax is progressive which implies that higher tax would be charged from high income recipients and vice-versa. In progressive taxation system higher marginal portions of the income are charged to tax at highe r rate. There are two ways in which U.S citizens discharge their tax liability. One method is tax ‘withholding by employer’. Employer deducts a specific amount on account of employee’s tax liability from its paycheck. ... Tax is paid in four quarterly installments of April 15, June 15, September 15 and January 15. Rationales behind avoiding tax or minimizing it Paying tax involves the opportunity cost of forgoing some consumption that could have possibly satisfied a want. Moreover the substantial amount of money given in taxes also involves a loss of possible investment of that money in some venture that earns an interest. Hence if tax liability can be reduced legally, it is likely to benefit tremendously individual in terms of higher income to support his/her financial objectives. Ways to legally minimize tax liability 1. Reduction in taxable income If taxable income is somehow reduced it would result into lesser tax liability for an individual. There are various provisions that can make taxable income reduced. One such provision is the deduction allowed on account of contribution to IRS approved health premium plan. Under this plan employee pays a certain amount for heath benefit premium. This amoun t is deductible from income when calculating the taxable income. Hence such amount avoids income tax, social security and Medicare. ‘Flexible spending accounts’ is another tax shelter offered by employer. In this case employee is supposed to make contributions into government approved medical or dependent care reimbursements accounts. Such amounts are deducted when calculating taxable income and hence avoid any charge on account of income tax, Medicare or social security. 2. Tax-sheltering returns on investment Congress permits several investments whose return is exempted from tax either or such investment, in some way, cause reduction in tax liability. Such tax-shelter is provided

Energy drinks Essay Example for Free

Energy drinks Essay Energy drinks are beverages that can be used to supplement energy and concentration. It contains several ingredients, some good others bad. They contain ingredients such as caffeine, guarana, taurine and many more. Usually they are beneficial, but when taken in large amounts; some ingredients can cause unwelcome side effects. Many people consume energy drinks for enjoyment and the extra kick of energy for the day, but they are not aware of the hidden ingredients that can cause illness. In my opinion I believe that energy drinks are dangerous because they can cause illness, children and teenagers will be affected by the drink and the horrible side effects. The packaging of energy drink might convince you that it is are fine to drink but most of us are unaware of the hidden dangers. Those dangers can put anyone at risk of illness. Energy drinks contain high amounts of sugar similar to soft drink but energy drinks also contain high amounts of caffeine and taurine. Taurine is an amino acid that your body naturally produces. It helps regulate heartbeat, muscle contractions, and energy levels. But when there is too much taurine in our bodies, it can make some body parts overactive, like platelets. Platelets are found in the blood stream and they are very important to the body. They help to clot blood when there is a cut. The sugar makes the platelets overactive which makes them stick together and cause blood clots. This increase risk of heart related disease. In the US a small was conducted, they found that there is a link between the consumption of energy drinks and heart disease or high blood pressure. The researchers found healthy adults who drank two cans of a popular energy drink a day had above normal blood pressure and heart rate. Not only does it affect us both physical and mentally, it can affect children and teens who consume energy drinks. Children and teenagers don’t know what they are consuming and the affect it has on the body. You may see children or teens consuming energy drinks at sporting events instead of sport drinks, to boost energy levels. We may think that energy drinks and sports drinks are the same, but they’re not. Sport drinks provide only carbohydrate and salts to replace those lost in sweat, whilst energy drinks give temporary boost of energy. This may not sound bad but it will affect them over the long term. Like a child suffering with diabetes should not continue drinking energy drinks because the sugars in them can cause an imbalance of insulin. Even the Daily Telegraph thinks that energy drinks are unsafe because it can link to severe illness. The Daily Telegraph has reported â€Å"Energy drinks could be dangerous for children and teenagers,† The newspaper said that the use of high-caffeine drinks has been linked to â€Å"seizures, mania, stroke and sudden death†. Energy drinks can effect children and teenagers and also give people terrible side effects. Some people are not aware that energy drinks can give awful side effects after consumption. There are many side effects that can occur after drinking like vomiting, nausea, and hallucinations. Many ingredients inside energy drinks cause some people allergy reactions. There are many effects that can make people gain weight like people who don’t exercise. The mayo clinic says â€Å"that sugar intake has a direct correlation with weight gain, especially for people who don’t exercise. † But it can get worse, if energy drinks are drank with alcohol, it can make you pass out or get seriously hurt. Energy can drinks can make people sick from the dreadful side effects. However energy drinks create enjoyment among people, it has good taste and contains some good vitamins and herbs like vitamin B, ginseng, ginkgo Biloba and Antioxidants which are good for the body. To finish like to say that we should reconsider drinking energy because they can cause illness, young people will be affected and they can give people terrible side effects.

The Network Effect Essay -- Technology, Microsoft Products

Some products generate value only when they are combined with others, otherwise they have small or no value at all in isolation (Katz and Shapiro, 1994, p. 93). This is so called network effect – the fact that higher consumption of specific products makes them more valuable (Sundararajan, 2003, p.1). Another scientist Leibenstein, calls this effect as â€Å"bandwagon effect†- â€Å"the extent to which the demand for a commodity is increased due to the fact that others are also consuming the same commodity† (Besen, 1999, p.1). The economical base of network effects has received a huge attention, since it appears to be important in understanding the key features of modern high-tech industries (Bresnaham, 2001, p.2). Transportation systems, telecommunication systems, etc. exhibit network externalities, especially the IT market (Lee and O’Connor, 2003, p. 242). Operating systems of computers and compatible software are some of the examples of products experie ncing network effects. Users prefer to have an operating system on which they will be able to install a large number of applications (Fisher, 2000, p.181). The purpose of this paper is to understand the how the network effects of Microsoft’s products contributed to its rise and dominance in the market. In order to answer this question, the following points should be explained and analyzed. First of all, the environment of network industries in which Microsoft operates must be discussed. Moreover, such terms as â€Å"critical mass† and the way it is generated; â€Å"tipping points† and their impact on the products’ future, etc. should be described. Furthermore, the strategies and tactics, which are used by Microsoft to keep its positions in the market, should be outlined. The reminder of this ... ...uct (Economides, 1998). Also, Microsoft bundled Internet Explorer to its operating system, aiming to create a similar installed base for IE so that it would create an entry barrier to rival browsers. They moved the entry of competitors. More over, it is important to mention that a â€Å"firm like Netscape has less incentive to develop and write software applications if Microsoft can develop its own version of these software applications and bundle them with Windows† (Clements, 2002, 13). The technical development of the Ethernet technologies also helped Microsoft. According to the With Paper, several millions were invested in intra-net networks, into servers, working networks etc. That made Microsoft first company whose products were able to operate in huge networks. This in turn, attracted large organizations and government institutions to Microsoft’s product.

The Mohawk Indians

For this project, i choose to write about the Mohawk Indians. These native americans are are group of fierce warriors, where both men and women had vital roles. They were orginally apart of Iroquois Confederation, which included various tribes in the north eastern territory of the United States. They are also one of the most famous and surviving native americans. They were unique and had different traditions. The Mohawks were located in the area, which, now we call New York. This in in the North eastren part of the United States. Altough other tribes resisded in the area, they took up most of the territorty. These Native Americans had many ways to live. There homes, were what we call today longhouses. They were extremely long in the back and were made up of berch and elm bark. To travel the Mohawks had two types of canoes, one made of elm bark which was fast and the other a dugout canoe which could carry many people but was much slower. They also relied on dogs as there pack animals, and in the snow they tied them to sleds to help them get around. The women of the tribe were known as â€Å"clan leaders† because they made all the descions about land and resouces. The men who were Mohawk chiefs made the miltary rulings such as engaging in war. They were only allowed to represent the tribe. There clothing was very tradional. The men wore breecloths with leggings, while woman wore wrap around dresses with shorter leggings. There name, is represented in there hairstyle displayed by men. They mostly had shaved heads except for there mohawks dressed up with feathers or roaches. The women only cut there hair when they were in mourning, and their daily hair was long and in a braid. Childrens roles in the tribes is very different then todays. They went hunting and fishing with there fathers and had plenty of chores. But on the other hand, they did have some time for fun. The girls usually played with there cornhusks dolls, while the boys either played the sport lacrosse or tried to throw a dart through a moving hoop. Mohawk music was based around mainly two insturments. The drums and the flute. The Drums were if not all the time filled with water , mostly to give it a different style and sound. The flutes were used to seduce the women in the tribe, while playing it, it would show he was thinking about a girl. There religion, or more so beliefs were of nature and of everyones sprirt. They belived in wind spirts, the three sisters ( corn, squash, and beans) to help with crops, the thunderer, and the creator twins. The Mohawks are also famous for the myth of the orgin of the rabbit dance, where the native americans used there drums and made a certain sound and all the rabbits came and danced around them. They also known also for there mask making and pottery, the masks they make were so important to them that outsiders may not be permitted to look at them. Just like many other native americans they used bow and arrows to hunt, in battle they used bows and arrows, and clubs and spears. To fish the men used spears and fishing poles. They are so skilled in steaming wood that they made knives and even today the survining members create lacrosse sticks. In conclusion, the Mohawks are a name we know them as, and also there enimies. They were belived to be cannibals but it is not certain. Its said they would eat the warriors there were up against if they won. But they called themselves the Kanienkehaka, or people of the flint. They were a truly restless group and by becoming apart of irqouis nation, they were allowed to thrive and continue there traditions.

Charlemagne Robert Folz

Frannzen Linares Thursday, October 14, 2010 Knowledge Summary of Source. Report #1 – Charlemagne Robert Folz. The Coronation of Charlemagne(Book), first written in french in 1964, this book is now available in English translation. Robert Folz is well known for his monumental studies of the legend of Charlemagne in the Middle ages. Robert Folz was a French medievalist and a specialist in the Carolignan era; for this reason he is better qualified than most historians to convey a deep understanding of the efforts and signifance of Charlemagne for France and Europe.Folz concentrates on the growth of Frankish power, starting with Clovis and leading to Charlemagne. The focus is on political and religious developpments that explain the imperial coronation, rather than on social and economic history. Folz presents all this with brevity and clearly; the elegance of style shows his familarity with the source material. He wrote numerous books all related and similar to Charlemagne such a s: * (French) Le souvenir et la legende de Charlemagne dans l'Empire germanique medieval. (1950) * The concept of empire in Western Europe from the fifth to the fourteenth century. 1953, translation published 1969) * The coronation of Charlemagne. 25 December 800. (1964, translation published 1974) * (French) Les saints rois du Moyen Age en Occident, (VIe-XIIIe siecles). (1984) * (French) Les saintes reines du Moyen Age en Occident (VIe-XIIIe siecles). (1992) This book also uses extraits and portions of the book â€Å"Life of Charlemagne†(Vita Karoli Magni) which was written by a man named Einhard who actually was a dedicated servant of Charlemagne which adds to the reliability of this book.At the same time, he uses extraits from letters written by a man named Alcuin to Charlemagne himself and books written at the time and date back to Charlemagnes reign. Book written by Robert Folz and translated by J. E Anderson, the publisher of this book is London : Routledge and Kegan Pa ul, 1974 and is a Translation of: ‘Le Couronnement imperial de Charlemagne (trente jours qui ont fait la France : 25 decembre 800)'. Paris : Gallimard, 1964 The company has also published a book with a small portion of the life of charlemagne, The Philosophy of John Scottus Eriugena: A Study of Idealism in the Middle Ages By Dermot Moran.

Henri Fayol and the Relevance of His Ideas in the 21st Century

Henri Fayol and the Relevance of His Ideas in the 21st Century Introduction Henri Fayol has always been considered as an important pioneer of business administration theory. He is known for the formulation of the main management principles (Brunsson 2008, p. 34).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Henri Fayol and the Relevance of His Ideas in the 21st Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, he highlighted the main functions that managers were supposed to perform (Brunsson 2008, p. 34). However, modern scholars and practitioners often debate whether his ideas can be applicable to modern day organizations. This paper is aimed at discussing the main concepts and ideas introduced by Henri Fayol. In particular, it is necessary to evaluate them and determine the extent to which they are relevant to contemporary teaching and management practices. Overall, it is possible to argue that despite various limitations Henri Fayol’s theories continue to shape many modern busines ses; therefore they will influence education of managers. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that many people have a very simplified view of Henry Fayol, and his ideas may have more implications than it may seem at first glance. The concept of general management The ideas introduced by Henry Fayol have been both praised and criticized. In particular, one can speak about the concept of general management. Fayol believed that organizations could certainly differ in terms of their size or structure; however, there were specific tasks of a manager always had to do, namely, planning, coordinating, controlling, organizing, and commanding (Fayol, as cited in Brunsson 2008, p. 34).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To some extent, the notion of general management gave rise to a great number of theoretical works describing the functions of the management that are studied i n modern business schools. His idea of general management can be extended to the major activities of an organization. The thing is that Fayol singed out the main activities of a business, namely he spoke about the following processes: 1) commercial activities such as buying or selling; 2) accounting; 3) security activities or the protection of people and property; 4) technical activities or manufacturing; 5) financial activities or use of capital; and 6) managerial activities (McLean 2011, p. 32). He argued that to some degree, these activities were present in almost every organization (McLean 2011, p. 32). Therefore, one can say that Henri Fayol attempted to identify common patterns or features that are present in every company. In part, his theories are based on this premise. These ideas have been debated by many modern scholars. For instance, Karin Brunsson refers to empirical studies suggesting that managers do not always have to do the tasks outlined by Fayol (2008, p. 34). In this regard, one can mention some visionary leaders such as Steve Jobs or Bill Gates who are primarily responsible for planning or developing strategies of their companies. In turn, there are many managers who have to pay more attention to coordinating and organizing the work of employees. More importantly, the functions are often dependent on the type of organization, its structure or culture (Brunsson 2008, p. 34). This is one of the reasons why the theories of Henry Fayol have often been criticized by modern scholars.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Henri Fayol and the Relevance of His Ideas in the 21st Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, scholars point out that the main activities highlighted by Fayol are not always represented in modern companies. For example, Fayol identifies technical activities such as manufacturing. There are many cases that contradict this argument. In particular, technic al activities can hardly be found in financial services industry or hospitality industry. These are service organizations that are not engaged in manufacturing. Thus, these are exceptions to the theories of Henri Fayol. Nonetheless, they do not completely disprove his ideas. It should be taken into account that Fayol tried to apply his theories to French steel industry (Wren 2001, p. 478). He focused on organizations that were engaged in product development (Wren 2001, p. 478). His ideas proved to be applicable to those companies. More importantly, they remain relevant to contemporary companies, for example, those one representing automotive industry (McNiff Whitehead 2000, p. 146). Therefore, it is possible to say that the notion of general management may have its limitations, but it is still important for modern practitioners. The fourteen principles of management Secondly, one should mention that Henri Fayol is often credited for formulating the main principles of management. Th e most important principles that he stressed was the division of work, unity of command, authority, centralization of power, order, efficient retention of employees, and so forth (Pryor Taneja 2010, p. 499). These principles helped Fayol achieve success in steel and iron industry. These principles have been used in many organizations; yet, some scholars and practitioners may question them.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, we can refer to such a principle as the unity of command; it means that an employee must follow the commands of only one manager (Pryor Taneja 2010, p. 499). The main issue is that in modern companies an employee can work under the command of several managers. These are the so-called matrix organizations in which people can work on two different projects at the same time (Galbraith 2008, p 10). Moreover, these projects can be guided by different managers. Among such companies one can single out Boeing, IBM, or Proctor Gamble (Galbraith 2008, p 50). Thus, there are exceptions showing that the rules set by Fayol do not always have to be followed. Apart from that, Fayol attached much importance to the primacy of general interests over individual ones. Certainly, this idea is accepted by many business administrators. However, contemporary organizations tend to focus more on the needs of individuals. Some critics of Fayol’s theories even argue that his managerial pr inciples portray an organization as a mechanism in which every part can be substituted. More importantly, too little attention is paid to creativity, emotions, or desires of workers (Jex 2002, p. 377). This is why many scholars may object to Fayol’s theories. Researchers also point out that some of Fayol’s ideas are too general. For instance, he advocates such ideas as fair compensation of workers and promoting team spirit in the workplace. Nevertheless, he does not explain how these principles have to be implemented (Jex 2002, p. 377). This is another way to critique the ideas of Henri Fayol. Overall, these examples suggest that his views can be questioned for several reasons. First of all, they often contradict empirical findings, and his concept of general management is not applicable to every type of organization. Secondly, he does not attach too much importance on individual needs of workers. Finally, his principles lack specific details. This is one of the views on Henri Fayol’s theories. Nevertheless, some of these criticisms can be addressed. Many concepts related to management may seem subjective or too general. For instance, even nowadays it may be difficult to give an exact definition of such a notion as fair compensation. Secondly, it is not quite appropriate to argue that the theories of Fayol are inhumane. They are aimed at maximizing the overall wellbeing of different stakeholders, rather than a separate individual. This is one of the ways in which one can justify the views of this theorist. The complexity of Henri Fayol’s ideas and their practical applications Some scholars argue that the criticisms of Henri Fayol’s views can be partly explained by the fact that many people have a very simplified view of this writer, practitioner and theorist. For instance, Lee Parker and Phillip Ritson point out that Fayol can be viewed as a forerunner of modern contingency theories (2005, p. 184). The thing is that in his wo rks, Fayol often compared an organization to a biological organism that has to adjust to various external factors. To some degree, this argument implies that there is no universal principle that companies should always follow. He certainly believed that it was desirable for a manager to follow the 14 principles that he established. Nonetheless, Fayol also argued that â€Å"there is nothing rigid or absolute in management affairs, it is all a question of proportion† (Fayol as cited in Parker Ritson 2005, p. 185). In this way, he could suggest that the behavior of a manager or a leader is determined by particular circumstances, rather than a set of rigid rules. These examples suggest that Fayol was a more complex thinker than many people believe. Overall, he strived to create a learning organization that could be agile and flexible. As it has been noted before, Henri Fayol has often been blamed for not paying too much attention to the needs of workers, for example, their need for empowerment. Yet, close analysis of his writings suggests that he set very high standards for managers. On the one hand, they hand to ensure that organizational goals were achieved. Nevertheless, they had to put trust in the creative capacity of workers and their ability to take independent decisions (Parker Ritson 2005, p. 188). The recommendations of these people could not be disregarded because they could improve the process of production. One should assume that Fayol’s theories promote complete separation of managers and workers. Therefore, one can argue that some criticisms of Fayol’s theories are not quite justified, especially the belief that he viewed workers only as subordinates. Additionally, he continuously advocated workers’ right to autonomy (Parker Ritson 2005, p. 181). Thus, people should not blame Fayol for viewing employees only as cogs in a machine. In fact, he opposed to this point of view. He developed his theories at the time when too little attention was paid to the rights and needs of employees. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Fayol’s ideas were radical and unconventional. It is vital to show real-life examples of how Fayol’s ideas can be applied by modern organizations. For instance, he was one of the first theorists to point out that high turnover adversely affected the performance of a company (Pryor Taneja 2010, p. 497). He noticed that businesses in which people regularly came and went were less likely to produce very good results. This is one of the reasons why he advocated effective retention of employees. This idea appealed to many Japanese companies such as Toyota that tried to encourage life-long employment of their workers (Taniguchi 2006, p. 266). Later, this strategy was adopted by many other businesses and retention of employees is one of the top priorities for modern HR managers. Additionally, we can mention such concept as just-in-time production. To some degree, it ori ginates from Fayol’s principles of order; in other words, every peace of inventory has to be in the right place (Pryor Taneja 2010, p. 498). Fayol attempted to develop the methods in which one could optimize the process of production. Nowadays, these methods are studied in educational institutions; moreover, they have profoundly changed modern manufacturing companies. Furthermore, such a quality control method as quality circles stems from Fayol’s concept of employee empowerment (Pryor Taneja 2010, p. 498). Thus, Fayol’s ideas continue to influence modern companies. Conclusion Overall, despite various limitations and criticisms, Henri Fayol’s ideas have significant implications for the education of future managers and business practices. This analysis demonstrates that this theorist had very complex views of organizations, and his contribution cannot be reduced only to the functions and principles of management. He attempted to create a very flexible co mpany that could react to the changes in its environment. Its success had to be based on effective cooperation of both managers and workers. Moreover, the relevance of his ideas to modern companies can be best illustrated by the practical applications such as just-in-time-production or quality circles. Therefore, Henri Fayol’s ideas will be relevant to educators and practitioners. Yet, it is quite possible that these theories will be modified so that they could better fit the needs of changing workplace. References Brunsson, K 2008, ‘Some Effects of Fayolism’, International Studies of Management and Organizations, vol. 38 no 1, pp. 30-47. Galbraith, J 2008, Designing Matrix Organizations That Actually Work: How IBM, Proctor Gamble and Others Design for Success, John Wiley Sons, New York. Jex, S 2002, Organizational Psychology: A Scientist-Practitioner Approach, John Wiley Sons, New York. McLean, J 2011, ‘Fayol – standing the test of time’, British Journal of Administrative Management, vol. 10 no. 74, pp 32-33. McNiff, J Whitehead, J 2000, Action Research in Organisations, Routledge, London. Parker, L. Ritson, P 2005. ‘Revisiting Fayol: Anticipating Contemporary Management’, British Journal of Management, vol. 16 no. 10, pp. 175-194 Pryor, M Taneja, S 2010, ‘Henri Fayol, practitioner and theoretician revered and reviled’, Journal of Management History, vol. 16 no. 4, pp. 489-503. Taniguchi, M 2006, Careers in Japan, Emerald Group Publishing, London. Wren, D 2001, ‘Henri Fayol as strategist: a nineteenth century corporate turnaround’, Management Decision, vol. 39 no. 6, pp 475-487.

Overview of Life Expectancy

Overview of Life Expectancy Life expectancy from birth is a frequently utilized and analyzed component of demographic data for the countries of the world. It represents the average life span of a newborn and is an indicator of the overall health of a country. Life expectancy can fall due to problems like famine, war, disease and poor health. Improvements in health and welfare increase life expectancy. The higher the life expectancy, the better shape a country is in. As you can see from the map, more developed regions of the world generally have higher life expectancies (green) than less developed regions with lower life expectancies (red). The regional variation is quite dramatic. However, some countries like Saudi Arabia have very high GNP per capita but dont have high life expectancies. Alternatively, there are countries like China and Cuba that have low GNP per capita have reasonably high life expectancies. Life expectancy rose rapidly in the twentieth century due to improvements in public health, nutrition and medicine. Its likely that life expectancy of the most developed countries will slowly advance and then reach a peak in the range of the mid-80s in age. Currently, microstates Andorra, San Marino, and Singapore along with Japan have the worlds highest life expectancies (83.5, 82.1, 81.6 and 81.15, respectively). Unfortunately, AIDS has taken its toll in Africa, Asia and even Latin America by reducing life expectancy in 34 different countries (26 of them in Africa). Africa is home to the worlds lowest life expectancies with Swaziland (33.2 years), Botswana (33.9 years) and Lesotho (34.5 years) rounding out the bottom. Between 1998 and 2000, 44 different countries had a change of two years or more of their life expectancies from birth and 23 countries increased in life expectancy while 21 countries had a drop. Sex Differences Women almost always have higher life expectancies than men. Currently, the worldwide life expectancy for all people is 64.3 years but for males its 62.7 years and for females life expectancy is 66 years, a difference of more than three years. The sex difference ranges from four to six years in North America and Europe to more than 13 years between men and women in Russia. The reasons for the difference between male and female life expectancy are not fully understood. While some scholars argue that women are biologically superior to men and thus live longer, others argue that men are employed in more hazardous occupations (factories, military service, etc). Plus, men generally drive, smoke and drink more than women - men are even more often murdered. Historic Life Expectancy During the Roman Empire, Romans had an approximate life expectancy of 22 to 25 years. In 1900, the world life expectancy was approximately 30 years and in 1985 it was about 62 years, just two years short of todays life expectancy. Aging Life expectancy changes as one gets older. By the time a child reaches their first year, their chances of living longer increase. By the time of late adulthood, ones chances of survival to very old age are quite good. For example, although the life expectancy from birth for all people in the United States is 77.7 years, those who live to age 65 will have an average of almost 18 additional years left to live, making their life expectancy almost 83 years.

Zeus Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Zeus - Research Paper Example His ways are inscrutable and his mind too is opaque, but given that the literature says that all things happen only because Zeus allow them to happen. Conversely that nothing comes to pass without him. This is true for instance as a view of Zeus as reflected in Aeschylus plays, in particular in the ‘Agamemnon’. He is all seeing, and he is the one who is at the back of everything that transpires not only among men but among gods too. He is the supreme ruler in Greek mythology (Dowden 3). The inscrutable aspect of Zeus is affirmed in the literature, from Homer to Aeschylus to the various philosophers who tried to decipher his nature and failed Instead he is portrayed as having very human qualities and traits, including those traits that are in the realm of the baser aspects of human nature, such as lust, and the propensity for rage, and for revenge for different kinds of slights. On the other hand, his power is supreme over all things on heaven and on earth, and the ways of the universe themselves are a testament to his brand of justice and the immensity of his power. On the other hand, that power is seen as being wielded by a god who is at times filled with whimsy, or so as it is interpreted by human beings (Dowden 4). The mythological stories from ancient Greece tell us that Zeus was born in Crete, to Rhea and to Kronos,who tried to swallow him whole, but who was prevented from doing so by his own wife. This Rhea did by swapping the young Zeus with a stone. The Curetes, dancing wildly to mask the cries of the young Zeus, prevent the father from hearing the baby Zeus. They become Zeus’ guardians, together with Amaltheia, a goat, Kronos is bound, but the Titans try to launch a counter-revolt known as the Titanomachy, to shore up Kronos’ hold on power, and the Titans were essentially held and confined to Tartarus. Other revolts were likewise quelled, including those by the giants, and those like Typhon the

Descriptive Statistics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Descriptive Statistics - Assignment Example For the data presented; the descriptive statistics help in understanding the extent of spread of scores, the aggregate score s of groups of participants, and the most representative scores in different groups(Frankfort-Nachmias & Nachmias, 2008). For the control group, it is evident that the scores on both variables – Depression and the number of candy bars eaten – are higher than the group receiving CBT. The control group had a Mean score of 5.3 and a Median and Modal score of 5 for candy bars eaten. The range of the scores was 4 and variance was 1.79 while Standard Deviation was 1.34. The CBT group had a Mean and Median score of 1.5 and Modal scores of 1 and 2. The range of the scores was 3, with a variance of 1.17 and a Standard deviation of 1.08. For the whole sample, the Mean was 3.40 and mode was 5 while median was 3.50 while range was 8, variance was 5.2 and Standard deviation was 2.28. For both the groups; the Mean, Median and Mode are quite close and this may b e interpreted to mean that these groups are somewhat normally distributed, though the CBT group is a bimodal group with two adjacent modes. For all three measures of central tendency, the Control group had higher scores as compared to the CBT group. The control group also had higher scores on all measures of dispersion, showing that there was more variability in the control group’s scores than the CBT groups. The measures of variability were highest for the whole sample showing that all participants together had more variance in their scores. The same trend was noticed for depression scores with CBT group scoring lower than the control group. The control group had a mean score of 72.2, a median of 74.5 and a mode of 72. The range of scores was 32 with a variance of 87.57 and a Standard deviation of 9.36. The mean score for the CBT group was 40.8, the median was 40 and the mode was 35. Although the control group had similar mean, mode and median showing a relatively normal

Case Study Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis - Case Study Example We all agree that wife battering is a serious crime in the law however a battered individual should not take matters into his/her hands, but should let the law take its course (Federal Judicial Center, 2002). In this case, Dr. Bauer should pursue her duties responsibly, in spite of the pity that she feels for the wife. How should she proceed? For justice to be attained in this scenario, Bauer should not try anything which will be against the course of justice. The role of the law is to protect the rights of the people, and since the attorney has trusted her enough to give her the task, she should undertake the matter with a lot of integrity (Federal Judicial Center, 2002). She should concentrate her efforts towards the selection of a panel that is competent in what they are going to do. Integrity and justice should be her driving forces in the process, putting it in her head that one time in her life she will also require justice. If the wife is guilty, she should be punished accordi ngly by the law. However, we cannot overrule the fact that the crime might have been committed in self defense. As a result, Bauer should let the real truth be discovered in order for fair judgment to be made. Should Bauer offer her advice regarding the syndrome evidence? Why or why not. Bauer can only do that if whatever she is going to say will be of help in the quest for the truth. It is apparent that she really is against women battering and very sympathetic towards the woman. The strategy to be used during the defendant’s trial will determine the magnitude of the sentence to be administered. She surely should give her advice, if she feels that the syndrome gives inadequate evidence which may lead to an unfair sentence. However, since her role is not to identify the strategy, she should not choose the strategy to be used. All she will do is to give advice on what she thinks will serve best the interests of the case, though this should be done without any form of bias (Can adian Judicial Council, 2000). She can also present her strategy (PTSD) so that those concerned with that role will make an informed decision on the strategy to be used. Should Bauer Pursue The Poison Pill Strategy? Why or Why Not. Her main aim of wanting to pursue the poison pill strategy is to block the truth from being discovered. According to her, she will select jurors who are going to conflict in such a way that their discussions won’t result in anything worth. It will be evil for her to pursue something which is going to waste people’s time. She should know that truth should always be left to reign in any circumstance. By pursuing the pill strategy, it may lead to the dismissal of the panel and new members appointed to take over the case. Unfortunately, if this happens it can only be worse for her because the new panel of jurors may even be too harsh on the defended. The poison pill strategy she chose may eventually work against her unless if it is executed with a lot of wisdom. Thus, she should come up with another better and fair strategy. What Are the Ethical Implications of Dr. Bauer’s decision? The decision made by Bauer is immoral and unethical since it is against the realization of justice (Canadian Judicial Council, 2000). As much as Bauer feels great pity for the battered wife, she should not defend the woman unethically. Rather she should look for

Individual Reflective Report On Gibbs Cycle Of Reflection Education Essay

Individual Reflective Report On Gibbs Cycle Of Reflection Education Essay The Gibbs cycle of reflection is used in 2 incidences in the report. The first incident is the group project for CLS course on starch and second is the feedback given for the SIM course for the business report. In both of the incidences, problems are evaluated and necessary solutions are taken for the improvements. The solutions are action planed to make it achievable and measureable with in a specific time period. INCIDENT ONE: THE STARCH POSTER SESSION 1.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE INCIDENT: The incident happened during the starch poster session on the week 3 of commercialization of life sciences session. We were assigned a group project to commercialize the starch of a company. We were supposed to prepare a poster drawing the road for commercialization. The starch had several importances like high in fibre and decreasing the obesity rate. The poster was prepared showing the treads of obesity and how the starch will help the people have a healthy lifestyle. The market for the starch was collected from varies websites like euro monitor. The product advantage of the resistant starch was shown to that of Competitor Company. The road for commercialization of product was drawn. The poster was presented in the class. The same process was done by other groups. 1.2 FEELING OF THE INCIDENT (ON THE SPOT ANALYSIS): What I felt? I felt that the poster was not good in the visual representation even before it was presented. There were lot of gaps in the poster, the combinations of colours were not good and the content was not to the level of masters. During presentation, I managed the contents to give a good meaning yet I feared there was not enough data in the poster and I dont know the answer if I was questioned. Luckily, there were not so many questions. The only question asked was about how to create value in this poster which I managed to answer. What my group members felt? My group members felt that the poster was not as good as they expected. The visual content was felt very poor. No group member felt that there effort was shown in the poster. But everyone in the group accepted that the presentation by me was well done even though we had poor contents in hand. What did other group members feel? The other group members felt that the poster was good and well presented. Indeed it was better than the other groups. The other groups didnt proceed to take the starch to the market. They stopped at the point of analysing the importance of starch. The poster of other groups wasnt complete according to assigned work. What did the course instructor feel? The poster was appreciated by the course instructor for showing the market and how it can be commercialized. The course instructor felt improvements can be made in the poster especially in visual representation. 1.3 EVALUATION OF THE INCIDENT: Although it was a group activity only 2 of the group members did the poster with minor contribution from others. The group did not well co-ordinate for the project. Many members of the group taught it was simply unnecessary waste of time. Many group members felt that this was not the group they intended to be in and some of their actions like not contributing to group activities demonstrated their disinterest in co-ordinating with the group. The poor visual effects and content were due to the fact that many were not happy to work in the assigned group. Many conflicts were in the group on what content to put in the poster before the poster session. There was a conflict on who will present the poster on the day of presentation. Everyone wanted to present the poster and everyone wanted every letter of them to be in the poster. This was not possible because many of the contents were same and some of the data were not in the scope of the assignment. The group members felt that their efforts were neglected. Poor performance of the group was due to: Improper co-ordination of group members. 1.4 ANALYSIS OF THE PAST: This situation remembered me of the incident that happened once I was in my undergrad. The people were not happy to work in the group for the lab project. My team members went and stood with the friends in other groups. They used to chat and always my group had no results in the experiments. Out of 11 experiments in the lab we had result for only 2 experiments. The course instructor called each one in the group personally to know the problem. When he knew the problems he took the group to the dinner and helped us to know each other well. I remember he even assigned some nick names appreciating our good characters. We were taken for trekking to improve the co-ordination. After a month group members felt comfortable to work in the group and next semester we got 9 results out of 11 experiments in the lab. 1.5 ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNIQUE USED: The technique my undergrad course instructor employed was Wheelans Integrated Model of Group Development. Stage 1: Dependency and Inclusion In the dinner we exchanged the stories our own self about our families, friends and past life. The special talents we had like singing and dancing. Stage 2: Counter dependency and Fight We were introduced to topics that will cause conflict I remember some topics like Moral dress code made in colleges; we had conflicts that went for days. Stage 3 Trusts / Structure We were taken for trekking in steep mountains where we have to hold each other in order to be safe. We helped each other and build the trust. Stage 4 Works / Productivity When we went to work for the group lab project we still had conflicts but we had greater trust and were willing to help each other. That made as have good results in the lab in the next semester. Stage 5 Final This didnt apply to the lab group because we were in the same group till the end of my undergrad. I applied this technique number of times during my undergrad in order to form groups for cultural events in the university. 1.6 ANALYSIS OF WHAT WE COULD HAVE DONE FOR THE STARCH PRESENTATION: A similar approach like this should have been followed in the starch poster. Stage 1: Dependency and Inclusion We should have gone for dinner or indoor games. We should have known the individuals talents and appreciated him. So that he would have felt the importance of him in the group. Stage 2: Counter dependency and Fight We should have conflicted on the topics that like gulf war where everyone can talk and will contribute in a different way. Stage 3 Trusts / Structure We should have gone for activities and games like trekking in steep mountains where we could have build the trust and resolved our conflicts. Stage 4 Works / Productivity Then we should have worked in the starch poster so that everyone is willing to put the important contents in the poster. They would have taught the importance of group/team beyond their individual works represented in the poster. Stage 5 Final This wont apply to the group because we will be in the same group till the end of masters. 1.7 ACTION PLAN: The action plan is done for the better performance of the group in February in deciding the project that can be taken for the business plan. Step 1: Many group meetings are done not with motto of assignments but just to know each other better. (Have to be done before December.) Step 2: Many common issues of conflict are discussed about favourite actors and actress. The cultural misconceptions are conflicted. (Have to be done before January.) Step 3: The trust is developed in the individuals by trips to black pool and many places. (Have to be done before January.) Step 4: we have done the next presentation better but we have to still build the team because there will be more conflicts as only one project have to be selected for the CLS course to make business plan and others should accept it. (Have to be done before January.) 1.8 CONCLUSION: By following this technique I created high performance teams in my undergrad during cultural events. I believe the same management technique will work in the masters level and we will be able to select the project with less conflict. On the course of the analysis of this technique, Wheelans Integrated Model of Group Development; we will understand the talents of each member. This will help each member to work in the area in which they have great interest on and which they know better than other group members in the business plan. Thus the technique Wheelans Integrated Model of Group Development will help us do an excellent business plan for the CLS course. INCIDENT TWO: I GOT 54% IN SHAPING IDEAS FOR MARKET ASSIGNMENT. 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE INCIDENT: This incident happened on 17 December 2010. It was the feedback given for summative course work on the topic BUSINESS REPORT ON GENTRONIX in the course shaping ideas for market. Shaping ideas for market is one of my favourite subjects in my masters course. In this course I had special interest in reading number of books as possible. I read books like competitive strategy and balanced scorecards which were beyond the reading list. In the formative feedback this was reflected as my instructor mentioned your business model looks quite good and many things are just right. My reading and knowledge was well reflected in the class room when I answered I was always right and I knew the answer for every question put forward by my instructor. Such reflection in formative feedback and classroom sessions made me feel I will do well in the business report. I did the business report and when I submitted I felt I will get good marks yet the result was not that; I scored 54%. 2.2 FEELING OF THE INCIDENT (ON THE SPOT ANALYSIS): What I felt? I just felt the mark was not mine. I read the feedback completely and when the word Getronics came I was sure it was my mark. What did the course instructor feel? The feedback underlined area for low mark. The business template was not used. The referencing was not to the level of masters. Inappropriate usage of analytical tools. But the feedback mentions, A very confusing piece of work difficult after reading the whole assignment the markers could not understand what Gentronics really does and that makes it impossible to relate the analytical techniques used in the report. What my class members felt? When I said my marks many of my class mates felt I was simply lying and I was sarcastic. 2.3 EVALUATION OF THE INCIDENT: Understanding of what an assignment is; is derived from the past experiences in schools and colleges. The assumption I made in the assignment The business model is only a graphical representation of the theory. I could make my own graphical representation of the business model. I have referenced only a few articles in my undergrad when an assignment was given. Except for the literature review I didnt reference more than 5-6 references. The course instructor would clearly know what Gentronix really does before even reading the report as my undergrad supervisor knew, in and out the topic and checked whether I did it right. Yet clearly as the feedback mentions all my assumptions were wrong. And my 3rd assumption made my assignment impossible to be even marked. The lesson I have learnt is never change the template, an assignment is just like a literature review and I need to explain things from the scratch the markers dont know much about the company until I explain it in my report. This lesson was learnt at a great cost i.e. I lost 46% marks. Yet I have an exam for the other 50% to get things on track 2.4 ANALYSIS OF THE PAST: This situation remembered me of the incident that happened in my grad 10. It happened in the business mathematics course. I worked out hard for the exam I solved many questions as possible. I got answers for 8 questions out of 10 in exercises. In the main examination I failed to pass. In fact I got only 5 marks out 100. I remember the reason was I made a mistake in the critical equation that was the first step for every problem in the chapter. My course instructor could not give me marks because it was the first step of every problem in the examination. After I got the feedback I came to know, the mistakes I made was not only in the particular equation but I had mistake in number of equations. This problem was every time I did the sum I had the equation in front of me in the study room beautifully inscribed in colours. But in the exam hall I had no such equations in front of me and I failed to remember the inscription. The parameters and variables in the external environment changed in both of the occasions the shaping ideas for market and grad 10 examinations. And I failed. In my grad 10 I fought back the problem and I got 95 marks out of 100 in the final exam. The technique I used was improving my faith in the Napoleon Hills pyramid system mentioned in the famous book Think and Grow Rich 2.5 ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNIQUE USED: The technique revolves around 3 important parameters for success. The 3 vertices of the triangle in the success pyramid desire, faith and action. Napoleon Hills pyramid system Action Faith Desire In my 10 grad even after I saw 5 marks in the feedback I had a strong desire to score 100/100 in the paper in the final exam. The desire is just a wish and cant be converted into actions and goals unless I have faith in getting 100 marks. I had no faith in getting 100 marks after I got 5marks but I had faith in getting 10 marks. I made a goal that I will get 10 marks in the final exam I worked out problems and adopted techniques to get 10 marks. In a week I was very sure I will get 10 marks whatever the question paper and environment may be. With 100 marks as desire I had now faith to get 15 marks, I made goals and solved problems for getting 15 marks. I continued it till I increased my faith to get 100 marks. When I when for the final exam my parents and course instructor prayed that I should pass the exam. Yet I knew I am going to do it great and I did it. 2.6 ANALYSIS OF WHAT I COULD HAVE DONE FOR THE BUSINESS REPORT: I wish I could have got the assumptions right. Looked at business reports I could have got What is referenced how and how many? How business model template is used? What degree of basic data do the markers need about the company and its products? My next opportunity to employ my understanding would be my business plan. 2.7 ANALYSIS OF WHAT CAN BE DONE FOR SHAPING IDEAS FOR MARKET COURSE IN THE EXAMINATION: Every time, when the mark is low it affects the faith vertex in Napoleon Hills pyramid. Now I have faith in passing the shaping ideas for market exam with 50% marks. I will employ short goals to improve my mark by 10% every week. Work out different past question paper to find every time and in every paper I am consistently increasing the marks. I will check my confirmation by self analysis and discussion with classmates. I will do this until I am sure that I will get 100 marks. Personal SWOT to improve the shaping ideas for market marks Strength I have read Bragg and Bragg the course book. I know what is being done in classroom sessions. I have got good formative feedback and I was able to answer questions in the class. Weakness I have lost 46% marks in the business report. I dont understand where to use the tool and how to use them. Opportunity To look at past papers. To collect articles to see the usage of tools. Treats The pattern of exam and question paper will be new. I am writing an exam in the business course for the first time. Need to spend time for other exams. 2.8 ACTION PLAN: The 4 week plan to get high marks in shaping ideas for market Week 1: Revise course materials be confident to pass the exam. Week 2: See the past exam papers try to answer them within 30 minutes/question. Improve every time in answering the questions in time and content. Week 3: Discuss with friend on their views of exams and try to find the methodology adapted is same. Try to find what may be improved and what may be eliminated to score more marks. Week 4: Revise the work done for 3 weeks. Analyze all the possible risks. Be prepared a day before for the examination. 2.9 CONCLUSION: This action plan is made combining the SWOT and pyramid approach. The view of getting high marks is writing the exact number of words and information the examiner expects to see in the paper. This information on what examiner might expect is got by critically analyzing every session of the course which is the first week plan. The second week puts the understanding into action. The third week checks for faults and other class members views of the content presented in class. Week 4 taking note of what is very important, important and less important. This is a way of managing time where in 1.5 hours the exam is completed writing the very important and important details. Thus in exam I will never miss the very important or important details whatever the factors may be. This strategy is adopted in getting high marks.

Biography of William Shakespeare :: William Shakespeare Writers Playwrights Essays

Biography of William Shakespeare William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a playwrite in England. The Merchant of Veniceis one of his many â€Å"comedies.† Some scholars however, have made the argument that the play is one of his tragedies. Other tragedies of Shakespeare include Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare lived in a time when Jews had been expelled from England for over three centuries. However, as a playwrite, Shakespeare also probably faced much prejudice and hatred—theater was banned from his home town of London during his lifetime and so the theaters had to move outside of the city walls. This situation may have made him sypathetic to the plight of Jews, hence the play as a work of tragedy. Shakespeare married a woman named Anne Whateley, but he may have also had a male lover during his lifetime—a practice not uncommon for men of his era. Many of his sonnets suggest the possibility of this. Shakespeare’s comedies, performed at the Globe theater, were played to an audience which included as many peasants as it did nobles and loyalty, and so the comedy appeals to this lower class as well. Shakespeare’s works are full of political humor, but also run rampant with sexual and scatalogical humor. Shakespeare lived during the reign of Queen Elizabeth who had a man in her service who she cared for deeply (she never married during her reign, but was rumored to have lovers) and who was rumored to be a Jew. If this had been the case, Shakespeare’s play would have to have been sensitive to her favor. Hence, more evidence of the play as a tragedy. In Shakespeare’s time, it was the common practice for men to play the parts of women in most productions.

Money

According to eHow Money, working conditions in many if not all places were extremely poor, most died from machinery or toxicity from work areas, especially as many worked long hours for poor pay. (EconLib, 2002) For most people, whether in the I-JK or the US, the working class were really Working class', even though Jobs were developing the intensity of the Job was not lessened, they were indeed laborious. As the years went on, leading from the early ages of industrial work, developing into the current year 2013 much has changed.Till now legislations have been passed in order for all employees to have rights within the organisation that they work, Rights such as Equal Pay, Sex Discrimination, Race Relations, Gender Recognition amongst many since as early as the 1970's. (University of Bradford, 2010) Through such laws being passed, men and women are able to work side by side , earn fair pay and have the same standing as man within the working society, though even through these laws, d iscrimination of sexes is still large and racism is still a factor.Individuals differ, and very much so, through ethnicity, physique, gender, family experiences, motivation, attitudes and personality. (Laurie J Mullins, 2010, Chapter 4) ‘Sensitivity to individual needs and differences, especially in terms of their resilience, becomes particularly significant, when organisations embark on change initiatives. Such changes may lead to new mind sets, new attitudes and new perceptions that enable people to cope and adjust to the different world'. Laurie J Mullins, 2010, Chapter 4) People's perception of the working environment has changed so much that for an employer to create a scenario of discrimination is no longer a laughing matter, employers must approach every situation with such sensitivity, they have to consider how people react to situations and how they can deal with individuals as opportunities and as the company changes, especially when culture also happens to e a facto r as mentioned by Schein, ‘a pattern of basic assumptions-invented, discovered or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration'. Laurie J Mullins, 2010, Chapter 6)In Hugh Collins book ‘Employment Law, he states how the employment rights act has paved the way for so many other rights such as anti-discrimination, trade unions and human rights. Through this we can understand that it is due to such laws amongst many others that organisations are literally forced into including rights for people they would not have thought of, and the law that assembles all the issues together is the Equality Act f 2006, where it is stated that there must be equality and human rights, discrimination unlawful on grounds of religion, belief, education etc. nd to create public authorities to create equal opportunity between men and women. (University of Bradford, 2010) These laws have been passed continuously throughout the dec ades in order to allow the greater populace, ever growing in numbers and diversity to engage in work, so they are not heckled at as they choose to earn and make a living for themselves.Each law holding a certain purpose has not only paved the way for diversity in race and eligion, but fundamentally in gender, which has been the concern even till now. How these acts are implemented in the working environment is the most interesting thing, from the advertising to the selection of a person. For example many years back a well renowned advert had been broadcast for some time, by Howard Brown, an employee of Halifax Banking, turned actor to promote his organisation.He was promoted in order to promote. There are many examples like this which allow for diversities to be represented in a positive light, something that wasn't witnessed even a decade ago. Job descriptions have become broader, allowing anyone to apply, by the 1900-2005 racism was still rifled in parts of Europe, especially the I-JK and France, according to a BBC online survey made in 2002, 40% of black people say that they had witnessed racism in a place ot employment, double the tgure tor white people.Looking at t you could it can be noted that even now this number though may have decreased it is still relevantly at an all-time high. Within the selection process, through the advance of educational equality, all generations of people are now educated, hence the growing number of unemployed, eople both educated high or at a lower level are struggling to secure Jobs, this nearly almost causes an issue in selecting Just the right person for the Job, one may have one good image but lack in other etc.There is something called the ‘Halo Effect', this is where if we see them first in a good side it becomes difficult to recognise the bad side in them, for example noticing a person's glowing eyes as being the factor for someone's employment rather than them having what it takes to hold the occupation. The Ec onomist, 2009) In conclusion, looking through the laws that have been passed and the decisions aken to improve on how people are employed through fair recruitment and equality of opportunity is that it allows for greater sympathy to people who want to work, it has now developed into a liking to employ a diverse group, the public eye is ever present on what actions a company takes with its employees and how it runs itself.Organisations do the best they can to apply fair rules and run the company through the passed laws as it shows they are willing to experience each member of its team and become more adaptive in how it deals with its staff. The better they do internally the better they are presented externally.